Empress Catherine II Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Lebedev A. B., Researcher, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, 2799957@mail.ru

Barinkov V. M., Post-Graduate Student

Empress Catherine II Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia¹ ; Maximo Gomez Baez University of Ciego de Avila, Cuba²

Noa H. L., Post-Graduate Student¹, Assistant²

Utilization of red mud (RM) is of strategic importance at a scale of a country. It seems to be promising to produce pellets made of red mud. RM pelletizing was carried out with a lab-scale dish pelletizer with a diameter of 30 cm and a side height of 10 mm in rotation at a speed of 30 min–1. Before pelletizing, RM had a moisture content of 10%. Baking was carried out in the oxidizing atmosphere created by the jet feed of a natural gas and oxygen mixture at a ratio of 1 : 1.6 in the reaction cell. In all tests, the gas–air flow rate was 2.5 l/min. The test samples had a weight of 4–6 g. Wet pellets made of RM were placed in a boat and set in a lab-scale tubular kiln. The quality analysis of baked pellets followed a standard flowsheet, with determination of chemical composition, compression strength and reduction strength of pellets in accordance with state standard GOST 19575-84. The baking tests of pellets made of RM were carried out at the varied temperatures in a range of 1000–1400 °C and in the different regimes of heating, dependent on the movement velocity of the tube which pushes the boat with pellets through the reaction zone. The analysis of the result defines the optimal temperature range for baking RM pellets from 1180 to 1250 °C. It is found that for the pellets with the basicity from 1.8 to 3.0, the increase of the heating rate over 20 mm/min leads to a significant decrease in the strength of the test samples. The test pellets baked at the temperature of 1200 °C have a high strength. In reduction, the compression strength is 120–140 kg/pellet. Red mud is found to be well pelletizable. The temperature of fluxing onset and surface melting of the test samples is 1180–1250 °C, and sodium sulfides get totally removed from the composition of the product in this case. For all pellets made of red mud with the basicity from 1.8 to 3.0, the typical fluxing and surface melting temperature ranges from 1180 °C to 1250 °C.

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