NUST “MISiS”, Moscow, Russia:

V. P. Tarasov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Non-Ferrous Metals and Gold, Director of the Center for Industrial Technology Engineering (CIPT), e-mail: vptar@misis.ru
E. S. Gorelikov, Deputy Director of CIPT, e-mail: gorelikoves@misis.ru
A. V. Zykova, Post-Graduate Student of the Department of Non-ferrous Metals and Gold, e-mail: anna_zykova@inbox.ru
A. S. Bashkirova, Post-Graduate Student of the Department of Non-ferrous Metals and Gold

The widespread use of rare metals in industry requires an increase in the amount of their production and expansion of methods for obtaining them. In this regard, the use of secondary raw materials in modern production is growing rapidly and steadily. Molybdenum is a refractory metal, which is used as an alloying element in various steels, heating elements of electric furnaces, special purpose alloys, electrovacuum equipment and other fields. Data on the volume of consumption of catalysts in the oil refining and petrochemical industries, as well as on the import of molybdenum-containing catalysts are given. The technologies for processing spent hydro-treating catalysts with production of molybdenum oxide are considered, including oxidative roasting of the feedstock, as well as such operations as: leaching by sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids, sodium carbonate [7]. Hydrometallurgical methods of decomposition of raw materials are usually combined with the subsequent extraction of molybdenum by extraction with citric acid [16], MTAA carbonate [15], or ion-exchange sorption. High purity molybdenum is characterized by a number of unique properties that are important for its use in modern technology. Most of the hard-to-remove impurities get into molybdenum oxide from the feedstock, so one of the important tasks is to optimize the leaching process at the stage of uncovering of technogenic raw materials. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to obtaining high-purity molybdenum oxide, as well as to the separation of molybdenum and tungsten. One of the promising processes seems to be ion exchange, which makes it possible to purify solutions from metal impurities from solutions and pulps formed during the decomposition of molybdenite concentrates or during leaching of raw materials.

The results of R&D were achieved during the implementation of the project using measures of state support for the development of cooperation between Russian educational institutions of higher education, state scientific institutions and organizations of the real sector of the economy implementing complex projects to create high-tech production, provided for by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 9, 2010 No. 218 An agreement on the provision of subsidies from the federal budget for the development of cooperation between a Russian educational organization of higher education and an organization in the real sector of the economy in order to implement a comprehensive project to create a high-tech production "Creation of an import-substituting production of high purity vanadium oxide for deep processing of hydrocarbon raw materials" was concluded between the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation and JSC " Company Wolfram " dated June 25, 2021 no. 075-11-2021-053.

1. Nikonov N. V. Molybdenum. Properties, Application, Production, Products. Moscow: OOO “Metotekhnika”, 2014. 34 p.
2. Zelikman A. N. Molybdenum. Moscow: Metallurgia, 1970. 440 p.
3. Russian Market of Catalysts for the Oil Refining Industry. IAC “RUPEC”, November 2021. URL: https://rupec.ru/download.php?url=/upload/iblock/rupec-catalyze2021.pdf (Accessed: 23.11.2022).
4. Customs Statistics of Foreign Trade of the Russian Federation. URL: https://customsonline.ru/search_ts.html (Accessed: 23.11.2022).
5. Molybdenum Oxide. JSC “Company “Wolfram”. URL: https://wmcy.ru/oksid-molibdena/ (Accessed: 23.11.2022).
6. Komarov O. S., Volosatikov V. I., Komarov D. O., Provorova I. B. Technology of Processing of Molybdenum Containing Dead Catalysts. Lit’ye i Metallurgia. 2013. Vol. 70, Iss. 2. pp. 37–40.
7. Sokolova Yu. V., Chepikov A. N. Oxidative Roasting of Industrial Spent Catalysts CO-Mo/Al₂O₃ Hydroprocessing with Lim. Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Khimiya. Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya. 2020. Vol. 63, Iss. 11. pp. 57–64.
8. Tran T. T., Liu Y., Lee M. S. Recovery of Pure Molybdenum and Vanadium Compounds from Spent Petroleum Catalysts by Treatment with Ionic Liquid Solution in the Presence of Oxidizing Agent. Separation and Purification Technology. 2021. Vol. 255. 117734.
9. Park K. H., Kima H. I., Parhi P. K., Mishra D., Nam C. W., Park J. T., Kim D. J. Extraction of Metals from Mo–Ni/Al₂O₃ Spent Catalyst Using H₂SO₄ Baking-Leaching-Solvent Extraction Technique. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 2012. Vol. 18, Iss. 6. pp. 2036–2045.
10. Barik S. P., Park K. H., Parhi P. K. Extraction of Metal Values from Waste Spent Petroleum Catalyst Using Acidic Solutions. Separation and Purification Technology. 2012. Vol. 101. pp. 85–90.
11. Ma Z.-Y., Liu Y., Zhou J.-K., Liu M.-D., Liu Z.-Z. Recovery of Vanadium and Molybdenum from Spent Petrochemical Catalyst by Microwave-Assisted Leaching. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2019. Vol. 26, Iss. 1. pp. 33–40.
12. Stepanov S. I., Boyarintsev A. V. Reprocessing of the Spent Hydrotreating Catalyst in Water Carbonate Systems. Uspekhi v Khimii i Khimicheskoy Tekhnologii. 2019. Vol. 33, Iss. 1. 51–53.
13. Perekhoda S. P. Development of Scientific Foundations and Technology of Complex Processing of Spent Hydrotreating Catalysts. A Dissertation … Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow: 2006. 164 p.
14. Sokolova I. M., Frankiv S. O., Boyarintsev A. V., Stepanov S. I. Solvent Extraction of Molybdenum From Carbonate Solutions of Recycling Spent Catalyst by Salts of Methyltrioctylammonium. Uspekhi v Khimii i Khimicheskoy Tekhnologii. 2018. Vol. 32, Iss. 9. pp. 39–41.
15. Rezki A. S., Sumardi S., Astuti W., Bendiyasa I. M., H. T. B. M. Petrus. Molybdenum Extraction from Spent Catalyst Using Citric Acid: Characteristic and Kinetics Study. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021. Vol. 830. 012020.
16. Zarifyanova M. Z. Extraction Technologies for the Production of Petroleum Sulfoxides for the Extraction of Molybdenum Compounds from Petrochemical Wastes. A Dissertation … Doctor of Technical Sciences. Moscow, 2013. 278 p.