Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan¹ ; Tashkent State Transport University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan²:

Yu. N. Mansurov, Director¹, Professor², e-mail: yulbarsmans@gmail.com

University of Quebec in Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada:
J. U. Rakhmonov, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, e-mail: jovid.rakhmonov@gmail.com

National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow, Russia:
A. A. Aksyonov, Professor, e-mail: andreyaksenov@me.com

The energy sector of Uzbekistan has undergone significant changes in recent years. To diversify the electricity generation sources of the country, it is planned to bring atomic energy sector to the country and further expand more traditional energy production sources, such as wind, solar and other mixed sources. The effectiveness of electricity generation sources is determined by the consumers as well as by the quality and the number of ways to transfer the generated electricity from the source to the consumer. The power lines are considered as an effective tool for transmitting the electricity all around the globe. The main conductive part of the power lines is composed of steel wires that possess a combination of high electrical conductivity and sufficiently high strength. However, the development of new materials with increased conductivity and preferable strength-to-weight ratio compared to steels is an urgent task. The aluminium, owing to its higher electrical conductivity than that of steel, can be alternative material, even though the strength of aluminium and its alloys is noticeably inferior to those of steel. In addition, the Al alloys are widely used in the electrical industry, particularly, cable industry, due to their low density, low melting point, high corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. The aim of this work is to develop Al-based alloy with high electrical conductivity and enough level of strength for use as a material to produce power lines. The work established the possibility of producing the ingots from Al alloy containing Zr in industrial scale, and then, through subsequent processing of the ingots, obtaining a wire having a combination of preferable strength and electrical conductivity that meet the requirements of the energy sector of Uzbekistan. Mass production of wire for power lines requires significant adjustment and control of the modes of melting and casting of ingots compared to conventional alloys.

1. Vorobyova I. G. Alternative Energy: Foreign Experience and Development Prospects in Russia. Economic, Environmental and Sociocultural Development Prospects of Russia, the CIS Countries and the Near Abroad, Materials of the International Scientific-Practical Conference. Part 2. Ed. by Buglanova E. P. Novosibirsk: NF REU named after G. V. Plekhanov. 2014, pp. 206–211.
2. Yukhimchuk A. A. I. Ilkaev R. Status of Eforts on Fundamental and Applied Studies with Tritium at RFNCVNIIEF. Fusion Science and Technology. 2015. Vol. 67, Iss. 3. pp. 666–670.
3. Kulakov A. V., Nikolaev V. V., Kharchenko V. V. About the Prospects of Using Energy Complexes in Crimea based on Gas Piston, Wind and Solar Power Plants. Energetik. 2016. No. 6. pp. 58–62.
4. Zvyagintseva A. V., Shalimov Yu. N. On the Stability of Defects in the Structure of Electrochemical Coatings. Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry. 2014. Vol. 50, Iss. 6. pp. 466–477.
5. Oudriss A., Creus J., Bouhattate J., Conforto E., Berziou C., Savall C., Feaugas X. Grain Size and Grain-Boundary Effects on Diffusion and Trapping of Hydrogen in Pure Nickel. Acta Materialia. 2012. Vol. 60, Iss. 19. pp. 6814–6828.
6. Renewables 2016. Global Status Report, REN21 UNEP. Paris: REN21 Secretariat. 2016. 272 p.
7. Forbord B., Lefebre W., Danoix F., Hallem H., Marthinsen K. Three Dimensional Atom Probe Investigation on the Formation of Al₃(Sc,Zr)-Dispersoids in Aluminium Alloys. Scripta Materialia. 2004. Vol. 51, Iss. 4. pp. 333–337.
8. Srinivasan D., Chattopadhyay K. Non-Equilibrium Transformations Involving L12-Al₃Zr in Ternary Al-X-Zr Alloys. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 2005. Vol. 36, Iss. 2. pp. 311–320.
9. Forbord B., Hallem H., Marthinsen K. The Influence of Precipitation Annealing Procedure on the Recrystallisation Resistance of Al – Mn – Zr Alloys with and without Sc. Proc. 9^th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys, Aug. 2-5 2004, Brisbane, Australia. Institute of Materials Engineering Australasia Ltd. pp. 1263–1269.
10. Forbord B., Hallem H., Marthinsen K. The Effect of Alloying Elements on Precipitation and Recrystallisation in Al – Zr Alloys. Proc. 9^th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys, Aug. 2-5 2004, Brisbane, Australia. Institute of Materials Engineering Australasia Ltd. pp. 1179–1185.
11. Belov N. A., Alabin A. N., Eskin D. G., Istomin-Kastrovskii V. V. Optimization of Hardening of Al – Zr – Sc Casting Alloys. Journal of Material Science. 2006. Vol. 41, Iss. 18. pp. 5890–5899.
12. Belov N. A., Alabin A. N. Prospective Aluminium Alloys with Zr and Sc Additives. Tsvetnye Metally. 2007. No. 2. pp. 99–106.
13. Ryset J., Ryum N. Scandium in Aluminum Alloys. International Materials Reviews. 2005, vol. 50, Iss. 1. pp. 19–44.
14. Zuev E. N. Aluminum Composite Reinforced Wire — a New Invention for High-Voltage Overhead Power Lines. Energoekspert. No. 3. 2007. pp. 60–62.
15. Belov N. A., Alabin A. N., Istomin-Kastrovsky V. V., Stepanova E. G. The Effect of Annealing on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Rolled Sheets of Al – Zn- Alloys. Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya. 2006. No. 2. pp. 60–65.
16. Knipling K. E., Karnesky R. A., Lee C. P., Dunand D. C., Seidman D. N. Precipitation Evolution in Al – 0.1Sc, Al – 0.1Zr and Al – 0.1Sc – 0.1Zr (at.%) Alloys During Isochronal Aging. Acta Materialia. 2010. Vol. 58, Iss. 15. pp. 5184–5195.
17. Ageeva G. N., Berezyanskaya N. B., Zolotorevsky V. S., Karnoukhov A. S., Mansurov Yu. N. About the Influence of Small Additives on the Mechanical Properties and Structure of Silumins from Scrap and Waste. Tsvetnye Metally. 1980. No. 1. pp. 99–102.
18. Statsenko L. G., Pugovkina O. A., Mansurov Yu. N. Influence of Geometrical Dimensions of Non-Ferrous Metal Inclusions on Resonance Properties of Microwave Devices. Tsvetnye Metally. 2015. No. 12. pp. 71–76. DOI: 10.17580/tsm.2015.12.13
19. Mansurov Yu. N., Belov N. A., Sannikov A. V., Buravlev I. Yu. Optimization of Composition and Properties of
Heat-Resistant Complex-Alloyed Aluminum Alloy Castings. Non-Ferrous Metals. 2015. No. 2. pp. 48–55. DOI: 10.17580/nfm.2015.02.09
20. Mansurov Yu. N., Aksenov A. A., Reva V. P. Influence of The Chill-Mold Casting Process on the Structure and Properties of Aluminum Alloys with Eutectic Constituents. Tsvetnye Metally. 2018. No. 5. pp. 77–81. DOI: 10.17580/tsm.2018.05.11
21. Gusarov M. N., Mansurov Yu. N. Dependence of the Mechanical Properties of Alloys of the Al – Mg System with a High Content of Impurities on the Cooling Rate During Crystallization. Tsvetnye Metally. 1988. No. 2. pp. 69–71.
22. RF Patent. 2579861 “Method for Production of Deformed Semi-Finished Products of Aluminium-Based Alloy”. Alabin A. N., Belov N. A., Korotkova N. O. IPC C22C 21/00,
C22F1 / 04, B21B3 / 00. Published on April 10, 2016. Bul. No. 10. 23. Baidin N. G., Philatov Yu. A., Snegiryova L. A., Sielis M. I., Nikitina M. A. Research and Development of Al–Sc–Zr Alloy with Enhanced Electrical Conductivity. Tekhnologia Legkikh Splavov. 2017. No. 2. pp. 12–15.
24. Statsenko L. G., Pugovkina O. A., Mansurov Yu. N. Influence of Geometrical Dimensions of Non-Ferrous Metal Inclusionson Resonance Properties of Microwave Devices. Tsvetnye Metally. 2015. No. 12. pp. 71-76. DOI: 10.17580/tsm.2015.12.13
25. Mamadzhanov Kh. A., Sergeeva А. М., Mansurov S. Yu., Mansurov Yu. N. Continuous Casting of Aluminium Alloys and Cost Effectiveness Analysis. Tsvetnye Metally. 2018. No. 12. pp. 6–13. DOI: 10.17580/tsm.2018.12.01