Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation:

Gendler S. G., Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, sgendler@mail.ru
Kovshov S. V., Associate Professor, Candidate of Engineering Sciences

In building materials extraction, a special feature is that some factors of the same physical nature affect simultaneously the environment and health conditions of mine personnel. Noise and vibrations generated by mining and transport equipment, gases emitted by internal combustion engines and dust produced in almost all productive processes condition both the working environment in mines and the ecological security of adjacent areas, which requires ecologicaland-economic appraisal of potential damage as a result of production of basic materials for the building materials industry. Open pit mining exerts the most aggravating effect on air. The data analysis shows that basic air pollutants are aerosol dust, carbonic oxide and nitrogen dioxide. The main sources of dust are blasting operations and mining and loading equipment, while carbonic oxide and nitrogen dioxide are the products of internal combustion engines of open pit dump trucks. The working environment certification data show that for all personnel engaged in extraction of building materials, dusting conditions belong to the hazard class 3.1, which calls for carrying out of measures towards dust reduction in the mine work area. This objective can be reached through introduction of a package of innovative rock breakage technologies such as hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic impact, or hydraulic wedge in combination with the efficient techniques of reduction of dust from such sources as external dumps, dump truck roads, etc. The laboratory experiments and field research have allowed finding that it is possible to reduce dusting from overburden dumps by coating them with biogenic mixtures of bio humus and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose taken at a ratio of 125:1. For motor road dust reduction, it is expedient to use water solution of Universin agent and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose at a ratio of water — 87.5%, Universin V — 11% and Na-carboxymethyl cellulose — 1.5%.

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